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Mordechai Schwarcz
Mordechai Schwarcz ((ヘブライ語:מרדכי שוורץ); December 16, 1914 - August 16, 1938) was a Czech-born Jewish police officer in Mandatory Palestine, who was executed for the murder of a fellow Arab police officer. The background to the incident was the 1936–1939 Arab revolt in Palestine and the debate in the Yishuv regarding the proper reaction and in particular the policy of Havlagah, or restraint taken by the Haganah.
==Biography==
Schwarcz was born in Komárno, then in the Austro-Hungarian Empire, to a Jewish family, one of 14 children. He made aliyah in 1933. He joined the Palestine Police Force, and like most Jewish police officers, also joined the Haganah.〔(What happened to the 13th militant? )〕
Schwarcz was one of the policemen stationed at the High Commissioner's summer camp in Atlit to guard against bandits. On the night of September 1, 1937, he shot dead Mustafa Khoury, an Arab policeman with whom he shared a tent. He was arrested a week after Khoury was found dead. At his trial, he claimed that he had heard gunfire and rushed outside the tent, only to find Khoury dead upon returning, the court rejected his testimony. One of Schwarcz's friends testified that Khoury had entered drunk, boasting about having raped and murdered Jews, and telling Schwarcz his time would come. Schwarcz was convicted of murder and sentenced to death by a Haifa court. The Palestine Supreme Court approved the sentence, the Privy Council in London refused to look at the case, and the High Commissioner confirmed the sentence.〔(Hanged After Plea to London Fails )〕 Appeals for clemency came from American and international Jewish organizations, a petition with 70,000 signatures, and Moshe Sharett, the director of the Jewish Agency's Political Department, wrote a letter to High Commissioner Harold MacMichael requesting a pardon, but to no avail.
Schwarcz was hanged in Acre Prison on August 16, 1938 after receiving last rites from Rabbi Yehoshua Kaniel of Haifa. Ten days before his execution, he personally confessed the murder to Rabbi Kaniel. He also penned a confession expressing repentance, writing that he had killed Khoury while "temporarily insane". He declared "I am ready to die for an act for which I alone am responsible", and told friends and journalists that he was dying for a "private mistake" and asked that he not be made into a martyr by the Yishuv and Jewish diaspora.〔(Schwartz Dies On Gallows After Penning Confession )〕
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